PUBLICATION

Lack of asmt1 or asmt2 Yields Different Phenotypes and Malformations in Larvae to Adult Zebrafish

Authors
Aranda-Martínez, P., Fernández-Martínez, J., Díaz-Casado, M.E., Ramírez-Casas, Y., Martín-Estebané, M., López-Rodríguez, A., Escames, G., Acuña-Castroviejo, D.
ID
ZDB-PUB-250508-5
Date
2025
Source
International Journal of Molecular Sciences   26: (Journal)
Registered Authors
Acuña-Castroviejo, Darío, Aranda-Martínez, Paula, Fernández-Martínez, José
Keywords
asmt1, asmt2, characterization, melatonin, zebrafish
MeSH Terms
  • Acetylserotonin O-Methyltransferase*/deficiency
  • Acetylserotonin O-Methyltransferase*/genetics
  • Acetylserotonin O-Methyltransferase*/metabolism
  • Circadian Rhythm
  • Phenotype
  • Zebrafish*/genetics
  • Zebrafish*/growth & development
  • Zebrafish*/metabolism
  • Animals
  • Larva/genetics
  • Larva/metabolism
  • Melatonin/metabolism
  • Zebrafish Proteins*/genetics
  • Zebrafish Proteins*/metabolism
PubMed
40332753 Full text @ Int. J. Mol. Sci.
Abstract
Melatonin is an indolamine derived from tryptophan, which is highly conserved throughout evolution, including in zebrafish, where it controls important cellular processes, such as circadian rhythms, oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial homeostasis. These functions of melatonin and its synthesis route are quite similar to those in humans. One of the most important enzymes in melatonin synthesis is acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT), the rate-limiting enzyme, which catalyzes its final step. Due to genome duplication, zebrafish has two genes for this enzyme, asmt1 and asmt2. These genes show differential expression; asmt1 is primarily expressed in the retina and the pineal gland, and asmt2 is expressed in peripheral tissues, indicating different functions. Therefore, the aim of this work was to develop a mutant model for each asmt gene and to analyze their phenotypic effects in zebrafish. The results showed that the loss of 80% of the asmt2 gene affected melatonin concentration and consequently disrupted the sleep/wake rhythm in larvae, decreasing by 50% the distance traveled. In contrast, the loss of asmt1 had a greater influence on the physical condition of adults, as locomotor activity decreased by 50%, and 75% showed malformations. These data reveal distinct functional roles of melatonin depending on their site of production that may affect the development of zebrafish.
Genes / Markers
Figures
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Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping