PUBLICATION

hand2 and Dlx genes specify dorsal, intermediate and ventral domains within zebrafish pharyngeal arches

Authors

Talbot, J.C., Johnson, S.L., and Kimmel, C.B.

ID

ZDB-PUB-100625-26

Date

2010

Source

Development (Cambridge, England) 137(15): 2507-2517 (Journal)

Registered Authors

Johnson, Stephen L., Kimmel, Charles B., Talbot, Jared

Keywords

Dlx, Hand2, Joint, Patterning, Skeleton, Zebrafish

MeSH Terms

Animals
Mutation
Zebrafish
Gene Expression Regulation*
Protein Structure, Tertiary
Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism*
Branchial Region/embryology
Branchial Region/physiology
Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism*
Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism*
Bone and Bones/metabolism
Transcription Factors/metabolism*
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental*
Body Patterning

(all 14)

PubMed

20573696 Full text @ Development

Abstract

The ventrally expressed secreted polypeptide endothelin1 (Edn1) patterns the skeleton derived from the first two pharyngeal arches into dorsal, intermediate and ventral domains. Edn1 activates expression of many genes, including hand2 and Dlx genes. We wanted to know how hand2/Dlx genes might generate distinct domain identities. Here, we show that differential expression of hand2 and Dlx genes delineates domain boundaries before and during cartilage morphogenesis. Knockdown of the broadly expressed genes dlx1a and dlx2a results in both dorsal and intermediate defects, whereas knockdown of three intermediate-domain restricted genes dlx3b, dlx4b and dlx5a results in intermediate-domain-specific defects. The ventrally expressed gene hand2 patterns ventral identity, in part by repressing dlx3b/4b/5a. The jaw joint is an intermediate-domain structure that expresses nkx3.2 and a more general joint marker, trps1. The jaw joint expression of trps1 and nkx3.2 requires dlx3b/4b/5a function, and expands in hand2 mutants. Both hand2 and dlx3b/4b/5a repress dorsal patterning markers. Collectively, our work indicates that the expression and function of hand2 and Dlx genes specify major patterning domains along the dorsoventral axis of zebrafish pharyngeal arches.

Genes / Markers

Figures

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Expression

Gene	Fish	Conditions	Stage	Anatomy	Assay	Figure
dlx2a	AB	standard conditions	Prim-25	pharyngeal arch	ISH	Fig. 5
dlx2a	AB	standard conditions	Prim-25	pharyngeal arch	ISH	Fig. 2
dlx2a	AB	standard conditions	Pec-fin	pharyngeal arch	ISH	Fig. 6
dlx2a	AB	standard conditions	Prim-25	pharyngeal arch	ISH	Fig. 3
dlx2a	AB + MO1-dlx3b + MO1-dlx5a + MO3-dlx4b	standard conditions	Prim-25	pharyngeal arch	ISH	Fig. 5
dlx2a	Df(Chr01:hand2)s6/s6 (AB)	standard conditions	Prim-25	pharyngeal arch	ISH	Fig. 5
dlx2a	Df(Chr01:hand2)s6/s6 (AB)	standard conditions	Prim-25	pharyngeal arch	ISH	Fig. 3
dlx2a	Df(Chr01:hand2)s6/s6 + MO1-dlx3b + MO1-dlx5a + MO3-dlx4b (AB)	standard conditions	Prim-25	pharyngeal arch	ISH	Fig. 5
dlx3b	AB	standard conditions	Prim-25	pharyngeal arch	ISH	Fig. 3
dlx3b	AB	standard conditions	Prim-25	pharyngeal arch	ISH	Fig. 2

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Phenotype

Fish	Conditions	Stage	Phenotype	Figure
AB + MO1-dlx1a + MO2-dlx2a	standard conditions	Day 6	embryonic viscerocranium morphogenesis disrupted, abnormal	Fig. 1
AB + MO1-dlx1a + MO2-dlx2a	standard conditions	Day 6	hyosymplectic cartilage morphology, abnormal	Fig. 1
AB + MO1-dlx1a + MO2-dlx2a	standard conditions	Day 6	palatoquadrate cartilage morphology, abnormal	Fig. 1
AB + MO1-dlx3b + MO1-dlx5a + MO3-dlx4b	standard conditions	Day 6	embryonic viscerocranium morphogenesis disrupted, abnormal	Fig. 1
AB + MO1-dlx3b + MO1-dlx5a + MO3-dlx4b	standard conditions	Day 6	opercle fused with branchiostegal ray, abnormal	Fig. 1
AB + MO1-dlx3b + MO1-dlx5a + MO3-dlx4b	standard conditions	Day 6	palatoquadrate cartilage morphology, abnormal	Fig. 1
AB + MO1-dlx3b + MO3-dlx4b	standard conditions	Day 6	pharyngeal arch cartilage morphology, normal	Fig. 1
AB + MO1-dlx5a	standard conditions	Day 6	embryonic viscerocranium morphogenesis disrupted, abnormal	Fig. 1
AB + MO1-dlx5a	standard conditions	Day 6	symplectic decreased length, abnormal	Fig. 1
Df(Chr01:hand2)s6/s6 (AB)	standard conditions	Day 6	embryonic viscerocranium morphogenesis disrupted, abnormal	Fig. 7

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Mutations / Transgenics

Allele	Construct	Type	Affected Genomic Region
c99		Insertion	hand2
j1073aGt	Gt(T2KSAG)	Transgenic Insertion	dlx5a
j1271aGt	Gt(T2KSAG)	Transgenic Insertion	trps1
s6		Deficiency	hand2
tf216b		Point Mutation	edn1

1 - 5 of 5

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Human Disease / Model

Sequence Targeting Reagents

Target	Reagent	Reagent Type
dlx1a	MO1-dlx1a	MRPHLNO
dlx2a	MO2-dlx2a	MRPHLNO
dlx3b	MO1-dlx3b	MRPHLNO
dlx4b	MO3-dlx4b	MRPHLNO
dlx5a	MO1-dlx5a	MRPHLNO
dlx5a	MO2-dlx5a	MRPHLNO

Fish

Fish
AB
AB + MO1-dlx1a + MO2-dlx2a
AB + MO1-dlx3b + MO1-dlx5a + MO3-dlx4b
AB + MO1-dlx3b + MO3-dlx4b
AB + MO1-dlx5a
Df(Chr01:hand2)s6/s6 (AB)
Df(Chr01:hand2)s6/s6 + MO1-dlx3b + MO1-dlx5a + MO3-dlx4b (AB)
dlx5a^j1073aGt (AB)
edn1^{tf216b/tf216b} (AB)
edn1^{tf216b/tf216b}; trps1^j1271aGt (AB)

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Antibodies

Orthology

Engineered Foreign Genes

Marker	Marker Type	Name
EGFP	EFG	EGFP

Mapping

Talbot et al., 2010 ZDB-PUB-100625-26 PMID:20573696

hand2 and Dlx genes specify dorsal, intermediate and ventral domains within zebrafish pharyngeal arches

Talbot et al., 2010

ZDB-PUB-100625-26
PMID:20573696