PUBLICATION

barx1 is necessary for ectomesenchyme proliferation and osteochondroprogenitor condensation in the zebrafish pharyngeal arches

Authors

Sperber, S.M., and Dawid, I.B.

ID

ZDB-PUB-080707-2

Date

2008

Source

Developmental Biology 321(1): 101-110 (Journal)

Registered Authors

Dawid, Igor B., Sperber, Steven

Keywords

Barx1, pharyngogenesis, viscerocranium, zebrafish, pharyngeal arches, neural crest, chondrogenesis, cartilage, BMP, FGF

MeSH Terms

Animals, Genetically Modified
Fibroblast Growth Factors/metabolism
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/metabolism
Humans
Homeodomain Proteins/genetics
Zebrafish Proteins/genetics
Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism*
Neural Crest/embryology
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4
Embryo, Nonmammalian/metabolism
Cell Proliferation
Animals
Branchial Region/embryology*
Mice
Transcription Factors/genetics
Transcription Factors/metabolism*
Zebrafish/embryology*
Chondrogenesis*

(all 18)

PubMed

18590717 Full text @ Dev. Biol.

Abstract

Barx1 modulates cellular adhesion molecule expression and participates in specification of tooth-types, but little is understood of its role in patterning the pharyngeal arches. We examined barx1 expression during zebrafish craniofacial development and performed a functional analysis using morpholino oligonucleotides. Barx1 is expressed in the rhombencephalic neural crest, the pharyngeal arches, the pectoral fin buds and the gut in contrast to its paralogue barx2, which is most prominently expressed in the arch epithelium. Additionally, barx1 transient expression was observed in the posterior lateral line ganglia and developing trunk/tail. We show that Barx1 is necessary for proliferation of the arch osteochondrogenic progenitors, and that morphants exhibit diminished and dysmorphic arch cartilage elements due to reductions in chondrocyte differentiation and condensation. Attenuation of Barx1 results in lost arch expression of osteochondrogenic markers col2a1, runx2a and chondromodulin, as well as odontogenic marker dlx2b. Further, loss of barx1 positively influenced gdf5 and chordin, markers of jaw joint patterning. FGF signaling is required for maintaining barx1 expression, and that ectopic BMP4 induces expression of barx1 in the intermediate region of the second pharyngeal arch. Together, these results indicate an essential role for barx1 at early stages of chondrogenesis within the developing zebrafish viscerocranium.

Genes / Markers

Figures

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Expression

Gene	Fish	Conditions	Stage	Anatomy	Assay	Figure
barx1	EKW	standard conditions	Protruding-mouth	ceratobranchial cartilage	ISH	Fig. S2
barx1	EKW	standard conditions	Protruding-mouth	ceratobranchial cartilage	ISH	Fig. 2
barx1	EKW	standard conditions	Protruding-mouth	ceratohyal cartilage	ISH	Fig. 2
barx1	EKW	standard conditions	Protruding-mouth	ceratohyal cartilage	ISH	Fig. S2
barx1	EKW	standard conditions	Protruding-mouth	chondrocyte	ISH	Fig. 2
barx1	EKW	standard conditions	5-9 somites	cranial neural crest	ISH	Fig. 2
barx1	EKW	standard conditions	14-19 somites	cranial neural crest	ISH	Fig. 2
barx1	EKW	standard conditions	20-25 somites	cranial neural crest	ISH	Fig. 2
barx1	EKW	standard conditions	Protruding-mouth	gut	ISH	Fig. S2
barx1	EKW	standard conditions	Prim-5	gut	ISH	Fig. 2

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Phenotype

Fish	Conditions	Stage	Phenotype	Figure
EKW + MO1-barx1	standard conditions	Protruding-mouth	cartilage development disrupted, abnormal	Fig. S4
EKW + MO1-barx1	standard conditions	Protruding-mouth	cartilage development disrupted, abnormal	Fig. 3
EKW + MO1-barx1	standard conditions	Protruding-mouth	chondroblast extracellular matrix absent, abnormal	Fig. S4
EKW + MO1-barx1	standard conditions	Protruding-mouth	chondroblast extracellular matrix absent, abnormal	Fig. 3
EKW + MO1-barx1	standard conditions	Protruding-mouth	pharyngeal arch cartilage chondroblast disorganized, abnormal	Fig. S4
EKW + MO1-barx1	standard conditions	Protruding-mouth	pharyngeal arch cartilage chondroblast disorganized, abnormal	Fig. 3
EKW + MO1-barx1	standard conditions	Day 5	cartilage development disrupted, abnormal	Fig. 3
EKW + MO1-barx1	standard conditions	Day 5	ceratobranchial cartilage aplastic, abnormal	Fig. 3
EKW + MO1-barx1	standard conditions	Day 5	embryonic skeletal joint morphogenesis disrupted, abnormal	Fig. 3
EKW + MO1-barx1	standard conditions	Day 5	head decreased size, abnormal	Fig. 3

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Mutations / Transgenics

Allele	Construct	Type	Affected Genomic Region
fgf3_unspecified		Unspecified	fgf3
ti282a		Point Mutation	fgf8a
y1Tg	Tg(fli1:EGFP)	Transgenic Insertion

Human Disease / Model

Sequence Targeting Reagents

Target	Reagent	Reagent Type
barx1	MO1-barx1	MRPHLNO
barx1	MO2-barx1	MRPHLNO

Fish

Fish
EKW
EKW + MO1-barx1
EKW + MO1-barx1 + MO2-barx1
EKW + MO2-barx1
fgf3^unspecified
fgf8a^{ti282a/ti282a}
y1Tg
y1Tg + MO1-barx1

Antibodies

Orthology

Gene	Orthology
barx1
barx2

Engineered Foreign Genes

Marker	Marker Type	Name
EGFP	EFG	EGFP

Mapping

Sperber et al., 2008 ZDB-PUB-080707-2 PMID:18590717

barx1 is necessary for ectomesenchyme proliferation and osteochondroprogenitor condensation in the zebrafish pharyngeal arches

Sperber et al., 2008

ZDB-PUB-080707-2
PMID:18590717