Fig. 3

Fig. 3

Light intensity proportionally augments HK-Spn effect on per2 and cry1a but not in per3 and per1b. Z3 cells were entrained and exposed to HK-Spn under two light conditions, low-intensity light (Low-Int light,~4.12 × 10¹⁸ photons/s/m²) and high-intensity light (High-Int light, ~ 3.96 × 10¹⁹ photons/s/m²) for 4 h. Transcript expression of per2, cry1a, per3, and per1b was compared against time zero samples. Means ± SEM are shown. Asterisks (*) indicate statistically significant differences ** p < 0.01,****p < 0.0001, Two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. Six experiments were conducted for dark and low-intensity light conditions, and three were conducted for high-intensity light conditions. Three replicates per group.