Gene
glula
- ID
- ZDB-GENE-030131-688
- Name
- glutamate-ammonia ligase (glutamine synthase) a
- Symbol
- glula Nomenclature History
- Previous Names
- Type
- protein_coding_gene
- Location
- Chr: 2 Mapping Details/Browsers
- Description
- Predicted to enable glutamine synthetase activity. Acts upstream of or within inner ear receptor cell development. Predicted to be located in mitochondrion. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm. Is expressed in several structures, including cardiovascular system; digestive system; hematopoietic system; musculature system; and nervous system. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in congenital glutamine deficiency; epilepsy (multiple); heart disease; and neurodegenerative disease (multiple). Orthologous to human GLUL (glutamate-ammonia ligase).
- Genome Resources
- Note
- None
- Comparative Information
-
- All Expression Data
- 60 figures from 22 publications
- Cross-Species Comparison
- High Throughput Data
- Thisse Expression Data
-
- cb195 (14 images)
- cb757 (34 images)
Wild Type Expression Summary
- All Phenotype Data
- 1 Figure from Zhao et al., 2024
- Cross-Species Comparison
- Alliance
Phenotype Summary
Mutations
| Allele | Type | Localization | Consequence | Mutagen | Supplier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sa1387 | Allele with one point mutation | Unknown | Premature Stop | ENU |
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Human Disease
| Disease Ontology Term | Multi-Species Data | OMIM Term | OMIM Phenotype ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| congenital glutamine deficiency | Alliance | Glutamine deficiency, congenital | 610015 |
| developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 116 | Alliance | Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 116 | 620806 |
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Domain, Family, and Site Summary
| Type | InterPro ID | Name |
|---|---|---|
| Conserved_site | IPR027302 | Glutamine synthetase, N-terminal conserved site |
| Conserved_site | IPR027303 | Glutamine synthetase, glycine-rich site |
| Domain | IPR008146 | Glutamine synthetase, catalytic domain |
| Domain | IPR008147 | Glutamine synthetase, N-terminal domain |
| Family | IPR050292 | Glutamine Synthetase |
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Domain Details Per Protein
| Protein | Additional Resources | Length | Glutamine Synthetase | Glutamine synthetase, catalytic domain | Glutamine synthetase, glycine-rich site | Glutamine synthetase/guanido kinase, catalytic domain | Glutamine synthetase, N-terminal conserved site | Glutamine synthetase, N-terminal domain | Glutamine synthetase, N-terminal domain superfamily |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UniProtKB:Q7T2P7 | InterPro | 371 |
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Interactions and Pathways
No data available
Plasmids
No data available
No data available
| Relationship | Marker Type | Marker | Accession Numbers | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Contained in | BAC | CH211-218C8 | ZFIN Curated Data | |
| Encodes | EST | cb195 | (2) | |
| Encodes | EST | cb757 | Thisse et al., 2001 | |
| Encodes | EST | fb39g09 | ||
| Encodes | EST | fb44b10 | Rauch et al., 2003 | |
| Encodes | EST | fd19d09 | ZFIN Curated Data | |
| Encodes | cDNA | MGC:63917 | ZFIN Curated Data | |
| Encodes | cDNA | MGC:198092 | ZFIN Curated Data | |
| Encodes | cDNA | MGC:198096 | ZFIN Curated Data |
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| Type | Accession # | Sequence | Length (nt/aa) | Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RNA | RefSeq:NM_181559 (1) | 1968 nt | ||
| Genomic | GenBank:CT027770 (1) | 196559 nt | ||
| Polypeptide | UniProtKB:Q7T2P7 (1) | 371 aa |
- Cheng, X., Ju, J., Huang, W., Duan, Z., Han, Y. (2024) cpt1b Regulates Cardiomyocyte Proliferation Through Modulation of Glutamine Synthetase in Zebrafish. Journal of cardiovascular development and disease. 11(11):
- Lu, C., Hyde, D.R. (2024) Cytokines IL-1β and IL-10 are required for Müller glia proliferation following light damage in the adult zebrafish retina. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology. 12:14063301406330
- Zhao, Y., Wang, Z., Xu, M., Qian, F., Wei, G., Liu, D. (2024) The Glutamine Synthetases Are Required for Sensory Hair Cell Formation and Auditory Function in Zebrafish. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 25(21):
- Huang, L., Han, F., Huang, Y., Liu, J., Liao, X., Cao, Z., Li, W. (2023) Sphk1 deficiency induces apoptosis and developmental defects and premature death in zebrafish. Fish physiology and biochemistry. 49(4):737-750
- Kuil, L.E., Kakiailatu, N.J.M., Windster, J.D., Bindels, E., Zink, J.T.M., van der Zee, G., Hofstra, R.M.W., Shepherd, I.T., Melotte, V., Alves, M.M. (2023) Unbiased characterization of the larval zebrafish enteric nervous system at a single cell transcriptomic level. iScience. 26:107070107070
- Miyake, A., Ohmori, T., Murakawa, Y. (2023) Fgf22 and Fgfr2b are required for neurogenesis and gliogenesis in the zebrafish forebrain. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 681:212217212-217
- Chen, H., Siu, S.W.I., Wong, C.T.T., Qiu, J., Cheung, A.K., Lee, S.M.Y. (2022) Anti-epileptic Kunitz-like peptides discovered in the branching coral Acropora digitifera through transcriptomic analysis. Archives of toxicology. 96(9):2589-2608
- Gurung, S., Restrepo, N.K., Chestnut, B., Klimkaite, L., Sumanas, S. (2022) Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of vascular endothelial cells in zebrafish embryos. Scientific Reports. 12:13065
- Jin, M., Zhang, H., Xu, B., Li, Y., Qin, H., Yu, S., He, J. (2022) Jag2b-Notch3/1b-mediated neuron-to-glia crosstalk controls retinal gliogenesis. EMBO reports. 23(10):e54922
- Liu, Y., Kassack, M.E., McFaul, M.E., Christensen, L.N., Siebert, S., Wyatt, S.R., Kamei, C.N., Horst, S., Arroyo, N., Drummond, I.A., Juliano, C.E., Draper, B.W. (2022) Single-cell transcriptome reveals insights into the development and function of the zebrafish ovary. eLIFE. 11:
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